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La lutte contre l'immigration clandestine est aujourd'hui l'une des priorités de l'Union européenne. Volet essentiel d'un projet communautaire de sécurité intérieure, le combat contre les illégaux n'en soulève pas moins d'épineuses questions. La lutte contre l'immigration illégale semble tout d'abord chimérique tant les objectifs fixés excèdent les moyens techniques, humains et financiers disponibles. Ensuite, en rendant le passage vers l'Europe de plus en plus compliqué et dangereux, cette politique provoque indirectement la mort de centaines de migrants chaque année. Elle favorise enfin le déploiement des filières criminelles de trafic et de traite des êtres humains. En bref, loin d'œuvrer à la légitimation de l'Union auprès de ses citoyens par le biais du renforcement de leur sécurité, la politique en matière d'immigration irrégulière risque d'avoir des effets contraires en jetant le doute tout à la fois sur l'efficacité des politiques européennes et sur les valeurs qui les sous-tendent. Pourquoi un projet mené au nom des principes de liberté, de sécurité et de justice ne se voit-il pas davantage remis en cause alors qu'il conduit surtout à une détérioration de la sécurité des migrants ? C'est à cette interrogation que le présent ouvrage entend donner des éléments de réponse, en partant de l'idée que la politique de lutte contre l'immigration clandestine ne peut être réduite à ses objectifs affichés mais doit être resituée dans le cadre plus large du processus d'intégration européenne. En touchant au problème du contrôle des frontières extérieures de l'Union, la lutte contre l'immigration illégale pose en effet la question des frontières symboliques qui définissent les conditions de l'appartenance à un ordre politique déterminé. Elle active des mécanismes d'inclusion et d'exclusion sans lesquels un corps politique ne peut voir le jour et se maintenir. Dans cette perspective, si la stratégie de mise à l'écart des étrangers indésirables répond aux objectifs de contrôle et de sélection des ressortissants des pays tiers autorisés à accéder au territoire des Etats membres, elle participe également à la construction d'une figure inquiétante de l'Autre fondant l'identité européenne sur la peur des clandestins.

Illegal immigration.

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What are the effects of internal migration controls on migrants without a regular residence permit - on "sans papiers"? The book gives an answer to this question with a comparative study of the United States and Germany. Based on expert interviews and in-depth interviews with forty sans papiers, police controls as well as controls in areas such as labor market, health care, housing, schooling and childcare are carefully analysed. The book discusses whether global economic, political or social processes have restricted the ability of advanced capitalist countries to control migration. It argues that migration policy in the OECD countries has become more similar, but this convergence only takes place at the level of policy goals and legal norms. At the level of implementation, national differences persist. The interviews show that sans papiers in the U.S. continue to have many possibilities to participate in society. In contrast, the comprehensive exclusion of sans papiers in Germany confi rms that there is no general "loss of control."

Illegal immigration,.

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'Combatting' irregular migration is one of the key challenges to migration management at EU level. The present book addresses one of the most pressing structural problems regarding the EU's return policy: the low return rate of irregularly staying migrants. In this regard the EU Return Directive obliges Member States to issue a return decision, yet only 40% of such decisions are enforced annually. Moreover, despite the political and legal efforts, the EU is not making any significant progress in enforcing the rules it has laid down in the Return Directive. The legislation of EU Member States may, however, serve as a source for possible solutions to 'combat' the problem of irregularly staying migrants. This is why the book compares the system of regularisations in Austria, Germany and Spain. Regularisations constitute an effective alternative to returns because they terminate the irregular residence of migrants, not through deportation, but rather by granting a right of residence. Regularisation is therefore understood as each legal decision that awards legal residency to irregularly staying migrants. As is shown by the examination and comparison of regularisations in Austria, Germany and Spain, differentiated systems of regularisation exist at national level. However, EU regularisations supplementing the present return policy would be more effective at 'combatting' irregular migration at EU level.

Illegal immigration.

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'Combatting' irregular migration is one of the key challenges to migration management at EU level. The present book addresses one of the most pressing structural problems regarding the EU's return policy: the low return rate of irregularly staying migrants. In this regard the EU Return Directive obliges Member States to issue a return decision, yet only 40% of such decisions are enforced annually. Moreover, despite the political and legal efforts, the EU is not making any significant progress in enforcing the rules it has laid down in the Return Directive. The legislation of EU Member States may, however, serve as a source for possible solutions to 'combat' the problem of irregularly staying migrants. It is for this reason that the book compares the system of regularisations in Austria, Germany and Spain. Regularisations constitute an effective alternative to returns because they terminate the irregular residence of migrants, not through deportation, but rather by granting a right of residence. Regularisation is therefore understood as each legal decision that awards legal residency to irregularly staying migrants. As is shown by the examination and comparison of regularisations in Austria, Germany and Spain, differentiated systems of regularisation exist at national level. However, EU regularisations supplementing the present return policy would be more effective at 'combatting' irregular migration at EU level.

Illegal immigration.

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• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

'Combatting' irregular migration is one of the key challenges to migration management at EU level. The present book addresses one of the most pressing structural problems regarding the EU's return policy: the low return rate of irregularly staying migrants. In this regard the EU Return Directive obliges Member States to issue a return decision, yet only 40% of such decisions are enforced annually. Moreover, despite the political and legal efforts, the EU is not making any significant progress in enforcing the rules it has laid down in the Return Directive. The legislation of EU Member States may, however, serve as a source for possible solutions to 'combat' the problem of irregularly staying migrants. It is for this reason that the book compares the system of regularisations in Austria, Germany and Spain. Regularisations constitute an effective alternative to returns because they terminate the irregular residence of migrants, not through deportation, but rather by granting a right of residence. Regularisation is therefore understood as each legal decision that awards legal residency to irregularly staying migrants. As is shown by the examination and comparison of regularisations in Austria, Germany and Spain, differentiated systems of regularisation exist at national level. However, EU regularisations supplementing the present return policy would be more effective at 'combatting' irregular migration at EU level.

Illegal immigration.